2014年6月21日星期六

Method of superhard materials and metal matrix composite materials and petroleum drill stabilizer and oil drilling.

Diamond superhard materials usually refers to the kind of material, for example: natural diamond, synthetic polycrystalline diamond PCD, polycrystalline diamond composite piece of PDC and impregnated diamond sintering and cubic boron nitride CBN has a very high hardness and wear resistance of the material. Superhard material and metal materials, especially steel composite can be made into excellent comprehensive performance of superhard wear-resistant tools. Currently widely used in petroleum drilling tools, geological exploration, mining engineering, and special cutting tools, abrasive wear parts, etc. Existing technology in general sintering, non-pressure immersion or brazing method, connected superhard materials and alloy steel. These methods, the implement process is complex, high cost, and high temperature in the process of sintering welding heat can significantly reduce the comprehensive performance of superhard materials and metal substrate.

Existing technology and adopt the way of interference fit of the tungsten carbide tooth set fixed on the steel substrate, the method of the method of cemented carbide tooth column machining accuracy requirement is very high, generally need to be adopted to reach the final assembly size of grinding. But for the high temperature of polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride polycrystalline, due to its shape and size of the error is bigger, not directly use the method of interference fit with fixed on the metal substrate, can only adopt the method of grinding, to the final assembly size. And this kind of superhard material grinding is difficult, time is long, the cost is high, so difficult to directly on industrial application will superhard material cylinder fixed on the metal substrate.
Widely used in oil drilling tool stabilizer to stable drilling borehole wall, controlling well track and repair, especially in the directional well and horizontal well, the wearability of downhole stabilizer put forward higher requirements. The downhole stabilizer is mainly to the widespread use of tungsten carbide hard alloy as its surface wear-resisting layer, commonly used on the steel substrate Mosaic, welding tungsten carbide tungsten carbide cylinder block or welding tungsten carbide, etc. In directional well and horizontal well, as a result of contact with the casing load is bigger, the drilling tool with tungsten carbide as wear-resisting layer stabilizer wear serious, life is short, downhole stabilizer after the impact of the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control. In order to improve the wear resistance and service life of the downhole stabilizer, can adopt the method of the invention above on the steel substrate Mosaic polycrystalline diamond cylinder to replace tungsten carbide cylinder as its wear-resisting layer, due to the wear resistance of polycrystalline diamond cylinder is around 90-100 times of tungsten carbide cylinder, thus can greatly improve the wear resistance of drill stabilizer.

By the same method, in the roller bit tooth bit body or claw back, cone surface, enchase diamond polycrystalline cylinder or polycrystalline diamond teeth, as a gauge or trimming tooth, replace the current use of tungsten carbide tooth, can greatly improve the wear resistance of drill bits and gauge ability, keep the bit diameter and trim sidewall effect.

There is another application, in the current set with tungsten carbide tooth on the basis of using shape memory alloy tube collar for a horse collar cemented carbide tooth column, the Mosaic interference to tooth holes on the surface of the roller, because the superelasticity of shape memory alloys with high damping shock absorption properties, can cushion the impact of the external load stress, avoid teeth fracture.

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